Kubviswa kwemvura kubva mumhepo nemhepo (SIE) kunoonekwa seimwe yenzira dzinopa tariro yekuderedza kushomeka kwemvura yakachena nekuda kwekugona kwayo kushandisa simba rezuva zvakanaka kugadzira mvura yakachena. Pamusoro pezvo, ma evaporator ezuva ane zvakanakira zvakasiyana mukurapa mvura yakasviba ine munyu wakawanda . Maitiro ekubviswa kwemvura anongoburitsa makristaro emunyu semugumisiro, nokudaro zvichiita kuti pasave nekubuda kwemvura. Zvisinei, kuunganidzwa kwemunyu mu evaporator kunotadzisa kupinza chiedza uye kukanganisa kubuda kwemhepo, zvichizoguma nekudzikira kwekushanda kwe evaporator kana kutokundikana.
Kuti dambudziko iri ripere, vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakaronga nzira ye“kutenderera kwemunyu”. Kureva kuti, nzira yekutenderera inogadzirwa kuitira kuti mhinduro ibvumire maion emunyu kuti adzoke achidzokera mubrine, nokudaro achidzivirira munyu kubva pakunyungudika pamusoro pemvura inoputika, zvichiita kuti iwane kubuda kunoenderera uye kwakagadzikana. Zvisinei, iyi nzira ichaita kuti salinity yemhinduro iwedzere, uye dambudziko remunyu crystallization richiri kudziviswa.
Imwe mhinduro ndeye "salting out" zano. Ndiko kuti, chimiro chinodzorwa kuitira kuti munyu uwedzere kupenya munzvimbo isiri-evaporation, nokudaro kuderedza kukanganiswa kwemunyu crystallization pakubuda kwemhepo, nokudaro kubudirira kuunganidza panguva imwe chete yemunyu nemvura yakachena. Nekudaro, zano re "kuburitsa munyu" richiri kutarisana nemamwe matambudziko akanyanya mukushandisa.
Chekutanga, imwe-dimensional brine yekufambisa inoganhura kugona kunyura, zvakanyanya kudzikisira mwero wekunyungudika kwese. Chechipiri, iyo munyu crystallization zano inoda kubviswa nguva dzose kwemakristasi emunyu, ayo akaoma kudonha otomatiki kubva kune evaporator pamusoro nekuda kwekunamatira kwavo kwakasimba. Kana munyu wakaiswa ukasabviswa nenguva, kuita kwe evaporation kunozodzikiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, akawanda akanyanya kushanda nesimba solar evaporator anoda zvine njodzi kana kutora nguva maitiro ekugadzirira, senge high-pressure, low-vacuum, kana kupisa-tembiricha kurapwa.
Naizvozvo, kugadzira solar evaporator yakasimba kuti iwane kufefeterwa kwemvura kwenguva refu, inoshanda, uye yakagadzikana uye kuunganidza munyu kuburikidza negadziriro iri nyore yekugadzirira zero fluid discharge desalination ivavariro yesainzi isina kuzadzikiswa.
Zvichienderana nezvinetso zviri pamusoro, boka rekutsvagisa reShandong Chekutanga Medical University rakagadzira matatu-dimensional gradient graphene spiral airgel evaporator, iyo inokwanisa kuwana inoshanda solar evaporation yeyakanyanya-yakadzika yemunyu mvura uye kuwana zero fluid discharge.
Kuti zvizadzise zvinoomesesa zvinodikanwa zvesolar evaporator maererano nekunyura kwezuva, kushandiswa kwesimba rakazara, kupikisa munyu kwakanyanya uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu, dhizaini yeprojekiti inonyanya kutarisisa pane anotevera mapoinzi mana:
Tarisa pane dhizaini yekugadzira uye makemikari kugadzikana kwekusimudzira
Muchina wekupwanya mvura unofanirwa kuva nechimiro chakasimba che network uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari, izvo zvakakosha kuti ubvise munyu mumuviri kwenguva refu, inoshanda uye yakagadzikana. Saka, vakasarudza foam ye melamine inodhura zvishoma, inonyungudika zvikuru, ine maburi akawanda uye yakasimba senzira yekutsigira muchina wekupwanya mvura mumuviri.
Vakazodzidza ma mechanic properties yegraphene aerogels ine melamine foam se skeleton mumamodhi akawanda, kusanganisira kudzvanya, kukotama, uye kunetsana, kuti vanyatso ongorora maitiro avo emuchina.
Kuti uwedzere kuona kusimba kwayo uye kusimba pasi pemamiriro chaiwo ekushandisa, timu yekutsvagisa yakaita bvunzo pasi pemamiriro akasiyana akanyanya.
Zvikuru, vakakombamisa muenzaniso uyu kakawanda mumhepo nemumvura, vakaunyika muacidic nealkaline solutions , ndokuuisa munzvimbo dzakaoma dzakadai sekupisa kwakanyanya uye ultrasonic stirging.
Mushure mebvunzo dzakasimba idzi, havana kuwana shanduko yakakosha muchitarisiko chesample uye microstructure, iyo yakaratidza zvizere kusimba kwayo uye kugadzikana kwechimiro.
Tarisa pakurerutsa uye kuvandudzwa kwehupfumi kwemaitiro ekugadzira
Kuti uwane kureruka uye hupfumi mukugadzira evaporator uye kudzivirira kushandiswa kwemidziyo inodhura, vakagadzira anotevera matanho ekugadzirira:
Nhanho yekutanga ndeye kupisa kudzvanya
Ichishandisa tekinoroji yekutsikirira inopisa, timu yekutsvagisa yakamanikidza melamine foam dzehukobvu hwakasiyana kuti iwane pre-yakatsikirirwa melamine firimu rine ukobvu hwe1mm.
Munguva iyi, sezvo chiyero cheukobvu hwepakutanga hwemuenzaniso kusvika pakukora kwekupedzisira kwakamanikidzwa chichiwedzera, saizi yepore yefirimu remelamine rakadzvanywa kare inodzorwa zvakanaka kubva pa150 μ m kusvika 20 μ m , zvichigadzira chimiro chetiweki che gradient chemativi matatu.
Danho rechipiri kupfapfaidza pamusoro
Shandisa bhodhoro rekupfapfaidza kupfapfaidza graphene oxide suspension zvakaenzana pamusoro pefirimu remelamine rakadzvanywa kare . Kupararira kwakafanana kwegraphene oxide mufirimu kwakawanikwa, izvo zvakaisa hwaro hwekuderedzwa kwezuva kwakatevera.
Nhanho yechitatu ndeyekuomeswa kwemhepo yemhepo
Mushure mokupfapfaidza, vakaisa firimu zvakananga mumhepo kuitira kuomeswa kwemhepo. Iyi nhanho inodzivirira iyo yakaoma, inopedza nguva uye inopedza simba gadziriro senge kuomesa nechando, supercritical kuomesa uye kutsiva solvent.
Danho rechina kuderedza chiedza chezuva
Kureva, kushandisa girazi rinokudza kutarisa zuva pane sampuli. Pasi pekuita kwemwaranzi yeultraviolet, ruvara rwesample nzvimbo inokurumidza kuchinja kubva kubrown kuenda kune dema, zvichiratidza kuti graphene oxide yakaderedzwa zvakabudirira kuita yakaderedzwa graphene oxide.
Iyi nzira yekudzikisa zuva haisi nyore chete kushanda uye kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza, asi zvakare haidi kushandiswa kwemakemikari ekuderedza maajenti kana maitiro ekupisa kwekushisa kwepamusoro, kuderedza zvakanyanya mari yekugadzira uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Tarisa pane kunyatsoita simba rezuva uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba
Solar evaporators haifanire kungotora uye kushandura huwandu hwakawanda hwesimba rezuva kuita simba rinopisa, asi zvakare kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba kunokonzerwa nekupararira kwekuratidzira uye nemwaranzi yekupisa, uye kutora rimwe simba kubva kune zvakatipoteredza. Iyo evaporation process pasolar interface inodzorwa neatatu simba fluxes: solar simba rekuisa, evaporation simba rinobuda, uye simba rinorasirwa kunharaunda.
Nehurombo, akajairwa maviri-dimensional solar evaporators anotarisana nenyaya dzekuraswa kwesimba nekuda kwekuchinjana kwekupisa nenzvimbo yakatenderedza, zvichiita kuti zviome kuwana iyo yakakodzera 100% solar-to-steam shanduko inoshanda. Kusiyana neizvi, matatu-dimensional solar evaporators anogona kutyora muganho we theoretical we solar-to-steam shanduko inoshanda.
Kudzikisira kurasikirwa kwesimba kunokonzerwa nekuona kwakapararira uye nemwaranzi yekupisa pamusoro peiyo-dimensional samples, timu yakagadzira matatu-dimensional spiral concave graphene aerogel.
Chimiro ichi hachingove nekukwirira kwepamusoro uye kuderera kwekuratidzira, asi madziro ayo eparutivi anokwanisa zvakare kutora ambient kupisa uye kupisa kwakapararira kunoratidzwa kubva pasi, nekudaro kugonesa inoshanda simba kupora.
Tarisa pane munyu kushivirira optimization uye munyu crystallization manejimendi
Ndiko kuti; nekugadzira yakasarudzika nzira yekufambisa, iyo radial kutakura yebrine inosimudzirwa, inotungamira kune inotungamira crystallization yemunyu. Iyi dhizaini haingodzivise munyu kubva pakuisa nekuvharika pane evaporator pamusoro, asi zvakare inoziva kuunganidzwa kunoshanda uye kushandiswa kwemunyu, nekudaro zvakanyanya kunatsiridza mashandiro uye kusimba kweiyo desalination process.
Zvikuru, vakagadzira uye vakagadzira chimiro che network ye gradient graphene ine mativi matatu zvichibva pafirimu re melamine rinopinza . Network iyi ye gradient graphene, isina kusimba mukati uye yakakora kunze, inogona kuumba musiyano we radial capillary force, izvo zvinosimudzira radial transport ye brine. Sezvo mhute ichiramba ichigadzirwa, radial flow ye brine inowedzera huwandu hwe brine munzvimbo yekunze, zvichiita kuti munyu uome zvakananga pamusoro pekunze kwete pamusoro pemukati. Dhizaini iyi inoita kuti mukati me evaporator murambe muine nzvimbo yakakwana ye evaporation, nokudaro zvichiita kuti solar evaporation ishande zvakanaka uye yakagadzikana.
Zvakakosha kutaura kuti evaporator inoshandisa nzvimbo yayo yese yekunze kuti iwedzere munyu, ichiita kuti nzvimbo yekristalllization ive yakakura kupfuura mamwe anotungamira crystallization evaporator.
Makristasi emunyu anonyanya kuumbwa nemakristasi emunyu akasununguka ane pores akawanda, ayo anobatsira kutakura kwebrine uye kusunungurwa kwemhepo.
Uyezve, nekuda kweiyo evaporative kutonhora mhedzisiro, tembiricha yepasi yemunyu yakadzikira pane ambient tembiricha. Chimiro ichi chinoita kuti evaporator itore simba rakawanda kubva kunharaunda, ichiwedzera kunatsiridza evaporation kuita.
Chinyorwa chinyorwa: Deep Tech
Boka rekutsvagisa: Shandong Chekutanga Medical University Team Research Group
Nyaya yacho yakatorwa kubva pa: https://www.163.com/dy/article/J1RENDEH05119734.html
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve SINOYQX Melamine Foam, ndapota taura nesu pa [email protected] kana kutitaurira: +86-28-8411-1861.
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